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Kristal hematit (α-Fe₂O₃) dan maghemit (γ-Fe₂O₃) berukuran mikron yang terbentuk di Bulan akibat peristiwa tumbukan besar.

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Beijing, China (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Tim ilmuwan China mencatat terobosan penting dalam ilmu tentang Bulan setelah menganalisis sampel dari Bulan yang dibawa pulang oleh misi Chang’e-6, memberikan dasar ilmiah yang krusial bagi penelitian Bulan, demikian disampaikan Administrasi Luar Angkasa Nasional China (China National Space Administration/CNSA).

Para peneliti dari Universitas Shandong, Institut Geokimia di Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan China (Chinese Academy of Sciences/CAS), dan Universitas Yunnan untuk pertama kalinya menemukan kristal hematit (α-Fe₂O₃) dan maghemit (γ-Fe₂O₃) berukuran mikron yang terbentuk akibat peristiwa tumbukan besar.

Temuan ini mengungkap mekanisme reaksi oksidasi yang sebelumnya tidak diketahui di Bulan, sekaligus memberikan bukti sampel langsung yang mendukung asal-usul anomali magnetik di sekitar Cekungan Kutub Selatan-Aitken (South Pole-Aitken/SPA).

Para peneliti mengidentifikasi hematit dan maghemit pada sampel Bulan serta mengonfirmasi struktur kisi dan karakteristik unik pada butiran hematit primer Bulan menggunakan berbagai teknik. Hasil penelitian ini telah dipublikasikan di dalam jurnal Science Advances.

Sejak awal eksplorasi Bulan yang dilakukan oleh manusia, satelit Bumi tersebut dipandang sebagai benda langit yang umumnya berada dalam kondisi tereduksi, dengan bukti penting terkait proses oksidasi, khususnya keberadaan oksida besi bervalensi tinggi, seperti hematit, yang sangat minim atau bahkan tidak ada.

Penelitian ini mengusulkan bahwa pembentukan hematit mungkin berkaitan erat dengan peristiwa-peristiwa tumbukan signifikan dalam sejarah Bulan. Produk antara (intermediat) dari reaksi yang terjadi selama peristiwa tumbukan mencakup maghemit dan magnetit magnetik, yang diduga menjadi pembawa mineral yang memicu anomali magnetik yang teramati dalam misi penginderaan jauh sebelumnya di tepi utara Cekungan SPA.

Penelitian ini menghadirkan bukti lapangan pertama tentang material yang teroksidasi dengan kuat, seperti hematit, di permukaan Bulan dalam keadaan yang secara keseluruhan tereduksi, sehingga memberikan pemahaman baru mengenai kondisi redoks Bulan dan asal-usul anomali magnetiknya.

Pada 2024, Chang’e-6 mencetak sejarah dengan membawa pulang 1.935,3 gram sampel dari sisi jauh Bulan. Sampel tersebut diambil dari Cekungan SPA, yang merupakan cekungan terbesar, terdalam, dan tertua di Bulan.

Laporan: Redaksi","excerpt","Kristal hematit (α-Fe₂O₃) dan maghemit (γ-Fe₂O₃) berukuran mikron yang terbentuk di Bulan akibat peristiwa tumbukan besar. Beijing, China (Xinhua/Indonesia Wind...","seo_kw","Kristal hematit","seo_title","Kristal hematit (α-Fe₂O₃) dan maghemit (γ-Fe₂O₃) di Bulan","seo_description","Kristal hematit (α-Fe₂O₃) dan maghemit (γ-Fe₂O₃) berukuran mikron yang terbentuk di Bulan akibat peristiwa tumbukan besar.","image","2025/11/HawH5GUB-image-4.jpg","image_alt","image_caption","Sampel dari Bulan yang dibawa pulang oleh misi Chang’e-5 dan Chang’e-6 China dipamerkan di Paviliun China dalam Pameran Impor Internasional China (China International Import Expo/CIIE) kedelapan di Shanghai, China timur, pada 5 November 2025. (Xinhua/Liu Ying)","image_url","https://indonesiawindow.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/2025/11/HawH5GUB-image-4.jpg","status","publish","tags",[61,77,84,91,97,104,110],{"_6":62,"_63":64,"_65":66,"_11":67,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":70,"_71":70,"_72":73},"019bb744-0bcf-7208-abdc-fafb70941c27","old_id",669,"name","misi ke bulan","misi-ke-bulan","description","created_at","2026-01-13T12:10:48.000000Z","updated_at","pivot",{"_74":18,"_75":62,"_69":76,"_71":76},"post_id","tag_id","2026-01-13T13:52:53.000000Z",{"_6":78,"_63":79,"_65":80,"_11":81,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":82,"_71":82,"_72":83},"019bb744-7dd9-72a2-ad24-54e3a65f873f",11759,"eksplorasi bulan","eksplorasi-bulan","2026-01-13T12:11:17.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":78,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":85,"_63":86,"_65":87,"_11":88,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":89,"_71":89,"_72":90},"019bb744-a31d-7203-a5ef-b0911805d62d",15723,"mineral Bulan","mineral-bulan","2026-01-13T12:11:27.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":85,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":92,"_63":93,"_65":94,"_11":95,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":89,"_71":89,"_72":96},"019bb744-a363-7267-8790-0acbae93e694",15747,"partikel tanah Bulan","partikel-tanah-bulan",{"_74":18,"_75":92,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":98,"_63":99,"_65":100,"_11":101,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":102,"_71":102,"_72":103},"019bb744-b62b-7335-8911-8e62b0d69ed7",18041,"misi Chang'e-6","misi-change-6","2026-01-13T12:11:32.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":98,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":105,"_63":106,"_65":107,"_11":12,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":108,"_71":108,"_72":109},"019bb744-c94c-71f3-a3f5-93428a8d191a",20229,"misi eksplorasi Bulan Chang'e-8","2026-01-13T12:11:37.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":105,"_69":76,"_71":76},{"_6":111,"_63":112,"_65":113,"_11":114,"_50":-5,"_68":-5,"_69":115,"_71":115,"_72":116},"019bb744-e173-70ab-a4ae-a3c5d58d62b5",22755,"eksplorasi ilmiah permukaan Bulan","eksplorasi-ilmiah-permukaan-bulan","2026-01-13T12:11:43.000000Z",{"_74":18,"_75":111,"_69":76,"_71":76},"comments",[],"2025-11-18","pagination",{"_122":123,"_124":125,"_126":127,"_128":129,"_130":129,"_131":132},"count",1,"total",37,"perPage",12,"currentPage",4,"totalPages","links",{"_133":134},"previous","http://api.indonesiawindow.com/api/tag/misi-eksplorasi-bulan-change-8?size=12&page=3","pageSize","error","actionData","errors"]