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Roma, Italia (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Harga pangan dunia naik pada September hingga mencapai level tertinggi dalam hampir empat tahun di tengah gangguan logistik dan kekhawatiran akan kondisi cuaca, demikian disampaikan Organisasi Pangan dan Pertanian (FAO) Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) pada Jumat (2/10).

Indeks Harga Pangan FAO rata-rata mencapai 136,0 poin pada September, naik dari angka yang telah direvisi sebesar 134,0 poin pada Agustus. Angka tersebut merupakan level tertinggi sejak November 2022.

Indeks acuan FAO untuk harga serealia, gula, dan minyak nabati semuanya meningkat pada bulan lalu, sedangkan harga daging dan produk susu menurun.

Kepala Ekonom FAO Maximo Torero mengatakan gangguan di Selat Hormuz dan Laut Hitam, ditambah dengan guncangan iklim, menekan sektor energi, transportasi, dan sejumlah komoditas pangan utama.

Jika terus berlanjut, tekanan-tekanan tersebut pada akhirnya dapat berdampak pada harga pangan konsumen, terutama di negara-negara yang bergantung pada impor pangan dan energi, kata Torero.

Menurut FAO, kekhawatiran terhadap pola cuaca El Nino yang parah mendorong harga gula internasional mencapai level tertinggi dalam 18 bulan.

Sementara itu, gangguan terhadap perdagangan di Laut Hitam di tengah konflik mendorong kontrak berjangka gandum mencapai level tertinggi dalam tiga tahun pada awal September.

FAO memperkirakan produksi serealia dunia pada 2026 mencapai 2,979 miliar metrik ton, relatif tidak berubah dibandingkan dengan perkiraan sebelumnya. Angka tersebut 2,1 persen lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan produksi pada 2025, tetapi masih akan menjadi produksi tertinggi kedua yang pernah tercatat.

FAO juga memangkas perkiraan perdagangan serealia dunia pada 2026/2027 sebesar 0,7 persen dibandingkan dengan perkiraan pada September, dengan alasan ekspektasi ekspor gandum dan jagung yang lebih rendah di tengah keterbatasan rute pelayaran di Laut Hitam.

Laporan: Redaksi

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