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Jakarta (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Rencana Indonesia menjajaki kontrak jangka panjang untuk pasokan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) dari China dinilai dapat menjadikan perdagangan energi kedua negara berlangsung dua arah, menurut seorang pengamat.

Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) Bahlil Lahadalia pada Senin (26/10) mengatakan bahwa dia diperintahkan untuk mencari kontrak pasokan BBM jangka panjang dan akan berkunjung ke sejumlah negara, termasuk India dan China.

Rencana itu mencuat seiring pemangkasan ekspor gas pipa ke Singapura sejak Sabtu (24/10) dan terbitnya Peraturan Presiden Nomor 107 Tahun 2026. Melalui perpres tersebut, pengadaan minyak mentah, BBM, dan elpiji dialihkan dari tender antarbadan usaha menjadi kerja sama langsung antarpemerintah.

Pengamat ekonomi energi dari Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad), Yayan Satyakti, menilai rencana itu dapat memperkuat perdagangan energi kedua negara, mengingat besarnya kebutuhan impor BBM Indonesia.

Data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia mengimpor hasil minyak, termasuk bensin, solar, dan avtur, sebanyak 37,75 juta ton pada 2025. Dari jumlah tersebut, pasokan dari China tercatat sekitar 830 ribu ton atau 2,2 persen. Adapun kuota ekspor BBM tahap pertama China untuk 2026 sebesar 19 juta ton.

Yayan mengungkapkan bahwa pada 2025 Indonesia memasok batu bara dan gas alam cair (liquefied natural gas/LNG) senilai 12,2 miliar dolar AS ke China, berdasarkan data BPS.

Menurut perkiraannya, jika 20 persen impor bensin Indonesia dialihkan ke China, nilai impor BBM dari China dapat meningkat dari 400 juta dolar AS menjadi 3,3 miliar dolar AS per tahun.

\"China berpotensi naik ke posisi pemasok bensin ketiga, dan perdagangan energi kedua negara berlangsung dua arah,\" kata Yayan kepada Xinhua pada Selasa (27/10).

Namun, Yayan mengingatkan bahwa kontrak pasokan belum tentu langsung memberikan keuntungan ekonomi bagi Indonesia.

Menurut analisisnya, biaya pengiriman BBM dari China diperkirakan sekitar 1,4 dolar AS per barel lebih tinggi dibandingkan biaya pengiriman dari Singapura yang berkisar 0,8 hingga 2,6 dolar AS per barel.

Selain itu, China sempat membatasi ekspor BBM pada awal tahun ini untuk memprioritaskan pasokan dalam negeri di tengah gejolak pasar energi global, sehingga kepastian pasokan perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penyusunan kontrak.

Dia menilai Indonesia sebaiknya mengutamakan kontrak pasokan solar dan avtur, alih-alih bensin.

Menurutnya, kontrak itu layak bila China memberi diskon di kisaran 1,7 hingga 2,1 dolar AS per barel.

Laporan: Redaksi

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