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Canberra, Australia (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Studi Australia menemukan bahwa mengembangkan cadangan kognitif lewat pengalaman hidup yang memperkaya dapat mengurangi dampak kognitif dan psikologis secara keseluruhan akibat pengalaman traumatis di kemudian hari.

Studi yang melibatkan 745 orang dewasa berusia 50 hingga 86 tahun tersebut mengkaji dampak peristiwa traumatis pada fungsi kognitif.

Para partisipan menjalani sejumlah penilaian untuk mengukur tingkat paparan peristiwa traumatis mereka, gejala stres pascatrauma, dan kinerja kognitif, menurut pernyataan yang dirilis oleh Universitas Adelaide di Australia baru-baru ini.

Sekitar 87 persen partisipan melaporkan pernah mengalami setidaknya satu peristiwa traumatis secara langsung, ujar Sabrina Sghirripa, peneliti di Universitas Adelaide yang juga penulis utama studi yang diterbitkan dalam Journal of Affective Disorders tersebut.

\"Namun, tidak semua orang yang mengalami trauma mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif di kemudian hari, yang mengindikasikan faktor-faktor pelindung, termasuk cadangan kognitif, dapat meningkatkan resiliensi,\" tutur Sghirripa.

Tim peneliti menemukan bahwa orang-orang dengan cadangan kognitif yang lebih tinggi cenderung lebih kecil kemungkinannya terdampak gejala stres pascatrauma, serta tetap memiliki kognisi yang lebih baik saat menghadapi paparan peristiwa traumatis.

Cadangan kognitif mengacu pada kemampuan adaptasi otak dalam mempertahankan fungsi kognitif seiring bertambahnya usia. Hal itu dapat dibentuk sepanjang hidup lewat pengalaman-pengalaman yang memperkaya, seperti pendidikan dan aktivitas rekreasi, demikian ditunjukkan studi tersebut.

Temuan itu menunjukkan bahwa mengembangkan cadangan kognitif dapat membantu mengurangi dampak kognitif dan psikologis akibat trauma, ujar Sghirripa, seraya menambahkan bahwa intervensi seperti aktivitas rekreasi dan keterlibatan sosial dapat memberikan manfaat bagi anggota masyarakat yang lebih tua dalam membangun cadangan kognitif.

\"Menjaga hubungan sosial dan terlibat dalam aktivitas yang bermakna dapat membantu melindungi kesehatan kognitif dan mental di kemudian hari,\" bahkan di antara orang-orang yang telah mengalami banyak pengalaman hidup yang buruk, imbuh Sghirripa.

Laporan: Redaksi

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