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Vape berbasis nikotin, atau rokok elektronik (e-cigarette), berpotensi memicu kanker paru-paru dan rongga mulut.

Sydney, Australia (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Vape berbasis nikotin, atau rokok elektronik (e-cigarette), berpotensi memicu kanker paru-paru dan rongga mulut, menurut tinjauan komprehensif yang dipimpin oleh para peneliti kanker Australia.

Tinjauan karsinogenisitas ini berargumen bahwa mengisap vape dapat menyebabkan kanker secara langsung, terlepas dari perannya sebagai pintu masuk menuju kebiasaan merokok, menurut pernyataan dari Universitas New South Wales (UNSW) Australia pada Selasa (31/3).

Tim multiinstitusional yang dipimpin oleh Adjunct Professor UNSW Bernard Stewart ini terdiri dari apoteker, pakar epidemiologi, pakar bedah toraks, dan pakar kesehatan masyarakat.

Mereka menganalisis studi klinis, eksperimen pada hewan, dan data laboratorium dari 2017 hingga 2025 mengenai bahan kimia dalam rokok elektronik, dan menemukan bukti konsisten mengenai kerusakan DNA, stres oksidatif, peradangan jaringan, serta tumor paru-paru pada tikus yang terpapar aerosol vape.

Tim itu mengidentifikasi sejumlah besar senyawa karsinogenik dalam aerosol rokok elektronik, termasuk senyawa organik volatil dan logam yang dilepaskan dari kumparan pemanas, menurut studi yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal Carcinogenesis.

\"Sebagian besar orang yang menggunakan rokok elektronik untuk berhenti merokok justru berakhir dalam 'kondisi penggunaan ganda,' tidak mampu meninggalkan kedua kebiasaan tersebut,\" kata salah satu penulis studi, Lektor Kepala UNSW Freddy Sitas.

\"Apa yang kita ketahui dari bukti epidemiologis terbaru di Amerika Serikat (AS) adalah bahwa mereka yang menggunakan vape sekaligus merokok memiliki risiko empat kali lebih tinggi untuk mengidap kanker paru-paru,\" ujar Sitas.

Kendati demikian, Stewart mengatakan jumlah pasti kasus kanker yang dapat dikaitkan dengan rokok elektronik masih belum jelas. Tinjauan kualitatif ini tidak melibatkan estimasi numerik, karena masih menunggu data jangka panjang pada manusia.

\"Rokok elektronik diperkenalkan sekitar 20 tahun lalu. Kita tidak seharusnya menunggu 80 tahun lagi untuk memutuskan apa yang harus dilakukan,\" ujar Sitas, mendesak pihak regulator agar tidak mengulangi penundaan selama satu abad sebelum merokok secara resmi diakui sebagai penyebab kanker paru-paru.

Laporan: Redaksi

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