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Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) memiliki struktur berpori unik dan fleksibel, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk beragam aplikasi, mulai dari penghantaran obat hingga katalis energi ramah lingkungan.

Bogor, Jawa Barat (Indonesia Window) — Riset tentang Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) terus berkembang pesat dan menunjukkan potensi besar untuk menjawab berbagai tantangan di bidang kesehatan dan energi. Material ini dikenal memiliki struktur berpori unik dan fleksibel, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk beragam aplikasi, mulai dari penghantaran obat hingga katalis energi ramah lingkungan.

Saat ini, puluhan ribu jenis MOF telah berhasil disintesis dari berbagai kombinasi logam dan ligan organik. Salah satu yang paling banyak diteliti adalah ZIF-8, MOF dengan struktur pori khas yang ukurannya dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan aplikasi tertentu.

Peneliti di Pusat Riset Teknologi Polimer (PRTP) Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Efwita Astria, menyebut MOF sebagai material multifungsi yang sangat potensial untuk bidang biomedis, khususnya sebagai sistem penghantaran obat.

“MOF memiliki sifat multifungsional dan berpotensi diaplikasikan pada berbagai bidang, termasuk sistem penghantaran obat,” ujar Efwita dalam Forum Pertemuan Ilmiah dan Inovasi ORNAMAT ke-79 yang digelar secara daring, Selasa (13/1).

Dalam forum tersebut, Efwita memaparkan riset berjudul ‘Modulation of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for the Tunable Release of Carbohydrate-based Therapeutics’.

Dia menjelaskan bahwa MOF memiliki luas permukaan yang sangat besar, sehingga mampu membawa dan melepaskan obat secara lebih terkontrol di dalam tubuh.

Menurutnya, pengembangan MOF biokomposit berbasis seng, besi, dan aluminium yang dikombinasikan dengan biomolekul dapat meningkatkan biokompatibilitas serta efektivitas terapi. Inovasi ini dinilai berpeluang besar menjadi solusi baru dalam dunia medis, khususnya untuk pengobatan yang lebih tepat sasaran.

Selain di bidang kesehatan, MOF juga menunjukkan potensi besar di sektor energi.

Dalam kesempatan yang sama, peneliti di Pusat Riset Kimia Molekuler (PRKM) BRIN, Sudiyarmanto, memaparkan riset berjudul ‘Pengembangan Material Berbasis Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) untuk Konversi Minyak Nabati menjadi Biohidrokarbon Setara Diesel’.

Riset ini berfokus pada pengembangan material hibrida berbasis MOF sebagai katalis untuk mengonversi minyak nabati, khususnya minyak kelapa sawit mentah (CPO), menjadi diesel terbarukan.

Sudiyarmanto menjelaskan bahwa riset ini berangkat dari tingginya emisi gas rumah kaca di Indonesia yang pada 2019 mencapai sekitar 600 juta ton setara karbon dioksida. Di sisi lain, sektor transportasi menyumbang konsumsi energi terbesar, yakni sekitar 44 persen, dengan dominasi penggunaan bahan bakar diesel.

Pemerintah sendiri telah menargetkan penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca sebesar 30 persen pada 2030 dan pencapaian Net Zero Emission (NZE) pada 2060 melalui berbagai program transisi energi, termasuk pengembangan bioenergi.

“Melalui katalis berbasis MOF, CPO dapat dikonversi menjadi diesel terbarukan yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat ketahanan energi nasional sekaligus mendukung pengembangan bahan bakar berkelanjutan,” ujarnya.

Kepala Organisasi Riset Nanoteknologi dan Material (ORNM) BRIN, Ratno Nuryadi, menegaskan komitmen BRIN dalam mendorong pengembangan riset material MOF oleh para peneliti.

“BRIN terus mendorong inovasi material melalui pengembangan riset Metal-Organic Frameworks untuk mendukung teknologi kesehatan dan mempercepat transisi energi berkelanjutan,” pungkasnya.

Dengan potensi besar di dua sektor strategis sekaligus—kesehatan dan energi—material MOF dinilai sebagai salah satu inovasi kunci yang dapat berkontribusi nyata bagi pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia.

Laporan: Redaksi

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