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Los Angeles, Amerika Serikat (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – NASA pada Selasa (20/10) memberikan informasi terkini mengenai pengembangan wahana penjelajah (rover) Bulan, baik yang berawak maupun robotik, untuk mendukung inisiatif Pangkalan Bulan (Moon Base) yang telah direncanakan, menyoroti upaya untuk mengembangkan kemampuan mobilitas permukaan yang diperlukan untuk eksplorasi di masa depan serta keberlangsungan aktivitas manusia di Bulan.

Wahana penjelajah NASA, Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER), dijadwalkan untuk memulai misi ke wilayah Kutub Selatan Bulan pada 2027 guna menelusuri kawah-kawah yang selalu berada dalam bayangan, dalam upaya mencari air serta sumber daya lainnya yang berpotensi berharga dan mendukung eksplorasi Bulan yang berkelanjutan.

VIPER akan dikirim ke permukaan Bulan menggunakan wahana pendarat Blue Moon Mark 1 milik Blue Origin. Wahana tersebut diperkirakan akan menempuh jarak lebih dari 30 kilometer untuk mengumpulkan data mengenai suhu, kondisi pencahayaan, dan medan setempat.

NASA menyatakan bahwa data tersebut dapat membantu para ilmuwan untuk lebih memahami asal-usul dan distribusi air di Bulan, serta menilai bagaimana sumber daya Bulan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung eksplorasi di masa depan.

Sementara itu, NASA telah memberikan perintah tugas kepada Astrolab dan Lunar Outpost untuk membangun fase pertama rover Moon Base yang mampu mengangkut awak, yang disebut sebagai kendaraan medan Bulan (lunar terrain vehicles/LTV), yang dirancang untuk tiba di Bulan sebelum misi Artemis berawak dilaksanakan.

Blue Origin telah ditugaskan untuk mengirimkan rover ke Kutub Selatan Bulan paling lambat 2028 melalui inisiatif Commercial Lunar Payload Services NASA.

Dengan LTV, para astronaut dapat menjelajahi area-area yang beragam secara geologis di dekat Kutub Selatan Bulan, mengumpulkan sampel, serta mengangkut peralatan. LTV juga dapat dioperasikan dari jarak jauh dari Bumi untuk memetakan permukaan Bulan sebelum para astronaut tiba, kata NASA.

Menurut NASA, LTV dirancang untuk menempuh jarak hingga 10 kilometer dalam sekali pengisian daya baterai, mendukung hingga tiga aktivitas berjalan di Bulan (moonwalk) untuk setiap misi Artemis. Kendaraan ini juga dirancang mampu membawa sampel Bulan dan peralatan dengan berat hingga 80 kilogram.

\"Wahana penjelajah Bulan merupakan elemen sentral dalam strategi mobilitas permukaan kami,\" ujar Robert Pickle, selaku direktur Surface Mobility Office NASA dalam Program Moon Base.

Kinerja wahana penjelajah Bulan akan membantu meletakkan dasar bagi sistem mobilitas yang diperlukan untuk membangun, mengoperasikan, dan memperluas infrastruktur guna mendukung eksplorasi Bulan jangka panjang, ujarnya.

Laporan: Redaksi

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