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Indonesia merupakan penghasil zirkon terbesar keempat di dunia, dengan sumber daya dan cadangan sebesar 5,119 juta ton, terutama ditemukan di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kalimantan Tengah, dan Kalimantan Barat.

Bogor, Jawa Barat (Indonesia Window) – Data Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) menunjukkan, Indonesia memiliki sumber daya dan cadangan zirkonium sebesar 5,119 juta ton, terutama ditemukan di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kalimantan Tengah, dan Kalimantan Barat.

Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) mengungkapkan fakta mengejutkan bahwa butiran zirkon Indonesia menyimpan mineral kritis yang menjadi nyawa industri teknologi global, mulai dari pesawat tempur hingga baterai mobil listrik.

\"Mineral zirkon kita mengandung titanium, tanah jarang ringan (LREE), tanah jarang berat (HREE), bahkan uranium dan torium. Semua unsur ini adalah komoditas kritis yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh industri teknologi tinggi global,\" kata peneliti dari Pusat Riset Teknologi Mineral (PRTM) BRIN, Herry Poernomo, pada webinar Diseminasi Series #8 bertajuk ‘Diskusi Seputar Mineral Strategis Indonesia’ pada Rabu (20/5), dikutip dari situs jejaring BRIN, Ahad.

Hasil riset BRIN menunjukkan, kadar titanium oksida (TiO₂) tertinggi mencapai 38,58 persen di pasir zirkon asal Ketapang (Kalimantan Barat), sementara total oksida tanah jarang (OTJ) ditemukan hingga 11,27 persen di sampel zirkon dari Bangka.

“Dengan angka seperti ini, Indonesia sebenarnya memiliki fondasi yang sangat kuat untuk membangun industri pemurnian titanium dan tanah jarang. Titanium adalah logam ringan super kuat yang digunakan di industri dirgantara, alat medis, hingga kapal selam,” terangnya.

Herry melanjutkan, tanah jarang adalah bahan baku magnet permanen untuk mobil listrik dan turbin angin serta sebagai bahan baku pada pembuatan komponen mobil, pesawat, dan komunikasi.

Selama ini, unsur-unsur tersebut ikut terbawa dalam pasir zirkon yang diekspor dalam bentuk mentah.

\"Ke depan, dengan teknologi yang tepat, kita bisa memisahkan dan memurnikan semuanya di dalam negeri. Nilai tambahnya bisa puluhan bahkan ratusan kali lipat,\" ucapnya.

Herry memaparkan berbagai produk strategis bisa dihasilkan dari pengolahan zirkon. Sebanyak 54 persen digunakan untuk keramik berkualitas tinggi seperti lantai, dinding, dan perlengkapan kamar mandi, sedangkan 14 persen untuk industri pengecoran logam, termasuk cetakan sudu turbin jet yang tahan panas hingga 1.650 derajat Celcius.

“Sebanyak 13 persen untuk bahan tahan api atau refraktori yang melapisi tungku peleburan kaca. Selanjutnya, 12 persen untuk deodoran (antiperspiran), penyamakan kulit, tekstil antiair, hingga komponen reaktor nuklir, dan sisanya 2 persen untuk industri amplas dan abrasif,” urainya.

Ini artinya, lanjut Herry, zirkon bukanlah mineral biasa, melainkan mineral strategis masa depan. Mulai dari ubin keramik rumah tangga, komponen pesawat, hingga pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir, semuanya membutuhkan zirkonium.

“Saat ini, Indonesia menduduki peringkat keempat hingga kelima sebagai penghasil zirkon terbesar di dunia, posisi ini sebagai modal awal yang sangat kuat. Namun, menjadi besar saja tidak cukup, sudah saatnya Indonesia melangkah lebih jauh menjadi bangsa yang kuat dengan menguasai teknologi pengolahan sumber daya alamnya sendiri,” harap Herry.

Laporan: Redaksi

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