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Foil tembaga baru mencapai kekuatan tarik sekitar 900 megapascal, jauh melebihi kekuatan foil tembaga konvensional.

Shenyang, China (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Tim peneliti China berhasil mengembangkan jenis foil tembaga baru yang mengatasi kendala lama antara kekuatan, konduktivitas listrik, dan stabilitas termal. Inovasi ini menawarkan material yang menjanjikan untuk perangkat elektronik canggih dan sistem penyimpanan energi generasi berikutnya.

Foil tembaga inovatif tersebut diciptakan oleh tim yang dipimpin oleh Lu Lei di Institut Penelitian Logam (Institute of Metal Research) yang bernaung di bawah Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan China (Chinese Academy of Sciences/CAS). Temuan tersebut dipublikasikan di jurnal Science pada Jumat (17/4).

Foil tembaga merupakan komponen kunci dalam sirkuit terpadu (integrated circuit/IC) dan baterai lithium-ion. Namun, tembaga murni bersifat lunak dan kurang kuat, sehingga tidak cocok untuk penerapan yang membutuhkan kemampuan menahan beban tinggi atau ketahanan panas. Penambahan unsur lain dapat meningkatkan kekuatan dan stabilitas termal, tetapi sering kali berdampak pada penurunan konduktivitas listrik.

Terobosan itu terletak pada desain mikrostruktur baru yang disebut \"arsitektur nano-domain gradien\" (gradient nano-domain architecture). Dengan menggunakan proses elektrodeposisi yang dapat diskalakan secara industri, tim tersebut menambahkan sejumlah kecil aditif organik untuk menghasilkan foil tembaga setebal 10 mikrometer yang mengandung super-nano domain berdensitas tinggi, yang masing-masing hanya berukuran sekitar tiga nanometer.

Domain tembaga kecil tersebut bertindak seperti paku keling yang tertanam di dalam tembaga. Mereka menghambat pergerakan butiran tembaga, sehingga meningkatkan kekuatan dan stabilitas termal sekaligus mempertahankan kemurnian tembaga yang tinggi. Hasilnya, material tersebut tidak menghambat aliran elektron dan mempertahankan konduktivitas yang baik.

Foil tembaga baru tersebut mencapai kekuatan tarik sekitar 900 megapascal, jauh melebihi kekuatan foil tembaga konvensional. Konduktivitas listriknya mencapai 90 persen dari tembaga murni, sekitar tiga kali lipat dibandingkan paduan tembaga lainnya dengan tingkat kekuatan yang serupa. Material itu juga menunjukkan stabilitas termal yang luar biasa.

Tim itu menambahkan bahwa penelitian ini menyediakan jalur desain baru untuk mengembangkan material logam berkinerja tinggi. Lebih pentingnya lagi, foil tembaga nano-domain gradien tersebut sudah dapat diproduksi secara berkelanjutan dalam skala industri, sehingga mendukung berbagai aplikasi canggih di bidang elektronik dan energi baru.

Laporan: Redaksi

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