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Timbulan sampah di Bali terkonsentrasi di empat wilayah utama, yakni Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, dan Tabanan. Keempat wilayah ini merupakan pusat aktivitas pariwisata, dengan kepadatan tinggi untuk hotel, restoran, kawasan wisata, serta berbagai fasilitas pendukung lainnya.

Bogor, Jawa Barat (Indonesia Window) – Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pariwisata berkontribusi signifikan terhadap timbulan sampah di Bali. Sampah ini berasal dari kegiatan para wisatawan, serta aktivitas operasional sektor pariwisata seperti hotel, restoran dan kafe, serta pengelolaan kawasan wisata dan perawatan lanskap.

Kondisi tersebut mengemuka dalam Diskusi Kelompok Terpumpun (Focus Group Discussion/FGD) tentang studi ‘Assessing Plastic Use and Pollution within the Tourism Sector in Indonesia’ yang diselenggarakan di Denpasar, Bali, Kamis (5/2), dikutip dari situs jejaring Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN).

Diskusi terpumpun itu merupakan bagian dari kajian nasional yang bertujuan untuk memetakan penggunaan plastik dan pola pencemaran di sektor pariwisata Indonesia.

Kegiatan ini melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, mulai dari peneliti, kementerian dan lembaga, pemerintah daerah, pelaku usaha pariwisata, hingga organisasi masyarakat sipil.

Profesor Riset dari Pusat Riset Oseanologi Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), M Reza Cordova, menegaskan bahwa tantangan utama pengelolaan sampah pariwisata di Indonesia tidak hanya terletak pada keterbatasan infrastruktur, tetapi juga pada lemahnya basis data dan belum konsistennya pengelolaan sampah dari sumber.

“Selama ini kita banyak berbicara soal sampah pariwisata, tetapi datanya masih parsial. Padahal, tanpa data yang terukur dan representatif, akan sulit merancang kebijakan yang tepat sasaran, terutama untuk subsektor seperti villa, homestay, dan usaha wisata skala kecil yang jumlahnya besar namun belum sepenuhnya tercatat,” ujar Prof. Reza.

Dalam diskusi tersebut para pemangku kepentingan mengungkapkan bahwa lebih dari 50 persen timbulan sampah di Bali terkonsentrasi di empat wilayah utama, yakni Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, dan Tabanan. Keempat wilayah ini merupakan pusat aktivitas pariwisata, dengan kepadatan tinggi untuk hotel, restoran, kawasan wisata, serta berbagai fasilitas pendukung lainnya.

Sampah organik masih mendominasi komposisi sampah, terutama sisa makanan dari hotel dan restoran, serta limbah hijau seperti daun, ranting, dan rumput hasil perawatan taman dan lanskap kawasan wisata.

Namun demikian, fraksi sampah organik tersebut masih kerap diperlakukan sebagai sampah residu dan langsung dibuang ke tempat pembuangan akhir. Padahal, menurut Prof. Reza, potensi pengelolaan sampah organik sangat besar jika ditangani dengan pendekatan yang tepat dan berkelanjutan.

“Padahal fraksi ini memiliki potensi besar untuk dikelola melalui berbagai metode, seperti komposting, teba modern, pemanfaatan maggot, atau melalui kerja sama dengan pengolah sampah organik lokal,” jelasnya.

Selain sampah organik, penggunaan plastik sekali pakai dalam sektor pariwisata juga menjadi perhatian dalam kajian ini. Kemasan makanan dan minuman, perlengkapan mandi hotel, hingga kantong plastik sekali pakai lainnya, masih banyak digunakan dan berpotensi menjadi sumber pencemaran lingkungan, termasuk pencemaran laut.

Laporan: Redaksi

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