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PBB (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Jumlah anak-anak yang mengalami pelanggaran berat oleh pihak-pihak dalam konflik bersenjata pada 2025 mencapai rekor tertinggi sejak dimulainya mandat mengenai anak-anak dan konflik bersenjata 30 tahun silam, menurut laporan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB).

PBB memverifikasi 38.558 pelanggaran berat terhadap anak-anak dalam konflik bersenjata pada 2025, yang berdampak pada 24.174 anak, dengan ribuan di antaranya menjadi korban berbagai pelanggaran, menurut sebuah laporan tahunan sekretaris jenderal (Sekjen) PBB mengenai anak-anak dan konflik bersenjata yang dirilis pada Rabu (17/6).

Untuk pertama kalinya dalam 30 tahun, pasukan pemerintah menjadi pelaku utama pelanggaran berat terhadap anak-anak dalam konflik bersenjata, ungkap laporan tersebut.

Pembunuhan (6.266 anak) dan pelukaan yang menyebabkan cacat (7.958 anak) tetap menjadi pelanggaran yang paling banyak terverifikasi, dengan peningkatan mengejutkan sebesar 34 persen dalam kasus pembunuhan dibandingkan 2024, sebut laporan itu.

Pelanggaran lainnya yaitu penolakan akses kemanusiaan serta perekrutan dan pemanfaatan anak-anak, dengan masing-masing 8.322 insiden dan 6.607 anak terdampak.

Kasus penculikan anak masih terus terjadi dalam jumlah yang tinggi (5.129 anak), sering kali untuk tujuan perekrutan dan pemanfaatan atau kekerasan seksual. Sementara itu, pemerkosaan dan bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual lainnya terus terjadi tanpa mereda, dengan pemerkosaan berkelompok yang digunakan sebagai taktik perang terverifikasi dalam jumlah yang kian meningkat.

Ranjau darat dan sisa-sisa bahan peledak perang masih menjadi tantangan serius bagi anak-anak, sekaligus menghambat pembangunan sosial dan ekonomi.

Laporan itu menjelaskan bahwa informasi tersebut, yang hanya mencakup kasus-kasus yang telah diverifikasi oleh PBB, tidak mewakili skala pelanggaran secara keseluruhan terhadap anak-anak dalam konflik bersenjata.

Tahun \"2025 tak diragukan lagi merupakan salah satu babak paling kelam bagi perlindungan anak sejak pemantauan dimulai,\" kata Vanessa Frazier, perwakilan khusus sekjen PBB untuk anak-anak dan konflik bersenjata, dalam sebuah siaran pers.

\"Ketika negara-negara, yang memikul kewajiban untuk melindungi anak-anak, justru ikut andil dalam penderitaan mereka, hal itu menandakan pengikisan rasa hormat yang semakin dalam terhadap hukum internasional. Prinsip-prinsip kemanusiaan, pembedaan, proporsionalitas, dan kebutuhan harus dipulihkan tanpa pengecualian,\" imbuhnya.

Sebanyak 1.667 anak ditahan pada 2025 atas keterlibatan mereka yang sebenarnya atau dugaan asosiasi mereka dengan pihak-pihak yang berkonflik. Frazier menekankan bahwa anak-anak ini harus diperlakukan sebagai korban, dan penahanan pun seharusnya menjadi langkah terakhir, serta reintegrasi harus lebih diutamakan.

Tahun ini menandai 30 tahun mandat mengenai anak-anak dan konflik bersenjata dari Majelis Umum PBB (United Nations General Assembly/UNGA).

Laporan: Redaksi

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