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PBB (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Amerika Serikat (AS), Denmark, dan wilayah otonomnya Greenland pada Selasa (22/9) menandatangani sebuah kesepakatan di New York untuk meningkatkan kehadiran militer AS di pulau Arktika yang strategis tersebut.

Dalam sebuah upacara di sela-sela Debat Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), kesepakatan itu ditandatangani oleh Presiden AS Donald Trump, Perdana Menteri (PM) Denmark Mette Frederiksen, dan PM Greenland Jens-Frederik Nielsen.

Berdasarkan kesepakatan yang mencakup berbagai hal tersebut, AS akan diizinkan untuk memodernisasi dan meningkatkan aktivitasnya di Pangkalan Luar Angkasa Pituffik, yang telah dioperasikannya di Greenland barat laut, serta untuk membangun sebuah area pertahanan tambahan di Narsarsuaq dan Mestersvig.

Kesepakatan itu juga mengizinkan pesawat AS untuk terbang di atas dan mendarat di wilayah mana pun di Greenland, termasuk perairan teritorialnya, sementara kapal-kapal publik AS dapat memiliki akses bawah laut dan pergerakan di dalam perairan teritorial tersebut, tanpa pembatasan kecuali sebagaimana disepakati bersama oleh para pihak.

Kesepakatan itu melarang negara-negara yang bukan anggota NATO untuk membangun instalasi militer berawak atau nirawak di Greenland dan untuk mempertahankan kehadiran pasukan militer secara terus-menerus di Greenland, kecuali jika disepakati lain oleh para pihak.

Kesepakatan itu juga membatasi negara atau investor dari negara-negara yang bukan anggota NATO, mitra NATO, atau negara anggota Uni Eropa (UE) untuk memiliki kendali, pengaruh signifikan, atau akses ke informasi nonpublik yang dapat mengancam keamanan nasional atau ketertiban umum di sektor atau aktivitas yang sangat sensitif di Greenland.

Kesepakatan tersebut tercapai setelah berbulan-bulan mendapat tekanan dari Trump, yang berulang kali menyerukan untuk mengakuisisi wilayah otonom Denmark itu dan tidak mengesampingkan cara militer atau ekonomi.

Proposal tersebut telah mendapatkan penentangan kuat dari sekutu NATO dan penduduk Greenland.

Berdasarkan kesepakatan pertahanan 1951 antara Denmark dan AS, sebagaimana diubah dan ditambah pada 2004, militer AS memiliki hak untuk mempertahankan personel serta membangun, memelihara, dan mengoperasikan fasilitas di area pertahanan yang telah ditentukan di Greenland, termasuk di Pangkalan Luar Angkasa Pituffik.

Kesepakatan yang baru ditandatangani itu akan mulai berlaku setelah disampaikannya nota diplomatik yang memberitahukan kepada AS bahwa Kerajaan Denmark, bersama dengan Greenland, telah menyelesaikan prosedur parlementer yang diperlukan.

Laporan: Redaksi

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