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Beijing, China (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Sebuah model kecerdasan buatan (AI) untuk diagnosis kanker hati yang dikembangkan oleh tim ilmuwan China menemukan 15 kasus kanker yang sebelumnya terlewat dalam uji klinis prospektif di dunia nyata yang berlangsung selama dua bulan, membantu para pasien mendapatkan perawatan berupa operasi atau obat-obatan secara tepat waktu, demikian dilaporkan China Science Daily pada Selasa (25/8).

Deteksi kanker hati pada tahap awal merupakan hal yang menantang. Karena ukuran lesinya kecil dan mudah tersamarkan oleh sirosis, perlemakan hati, serta anatomi bagian dalam hati yang kompleks, bahkan dokter yang berpengalaman pun dapat melewatkan lesi tersebut pada pemindaian tomografi terkomputasi dengan kontras (contrast-enhanced CT scan).

Hal ini bahkan lebih sulit ketika kanker dari bagian tubuh lain bermetastasis ke hati. Perhatian dokter mungkin lebih tertuju pada lesi primer, sehingga metastasis hati yang berukuran sangat kecil luput dari perhatian.

DAMO Academy milik Alibaba, bekerja sama dengan Rumah Sakit Shengjing Universitas Kedokteran China dan beberapa institusi lainnya, mengembangkan model AI untuk diagnosis kanker hati bernama DAMO LiON, yang mampu mengidentifikasi lesi kanker hati yang berukuran sangat kecil dari citra CT. Model ini tidak hanya mampu mengidentifikasi kanker hati primer secara akurat, tetapi juga mampu menemukan metastasis hati yang sering kali luput dari deteksi.

Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa akurasi DAMO LiON dalam mengidentifikasi tumor ganas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dokter radiologi umum. Ketika dokter menggunakan model AI tersebut untuk membantu membaca hasil pemindaian, waktu pembacaan berkurang 27 persen, sementara sensitivitas terhadap tumor ganas meningkat 11,5 persen, sehingga secara efektif mengurangi diagnosis yang terlewat. Dengan bantuan AI, dokter junior mampu bekerja pada tingkat yang setara dengan dokter senior.

Dalam uji klinis prospektif di dunia nyata yang berlangsung selama dua bulan itu, DAMO LiON membaca hasil pemindaian CT dengan kontras dari lebih dari 10.000 pasien, membantu dokter mendeteksi 15 kasus metastasis hati yang awalnya terlewat serta mendorong perubahan pada rencana pengobatan pasien-pasien tersebut.

Metastasis hati yang terdeteksi oleh DAMO LiON umumnya memiliki ciri berukuran kecil, samar, dan tidak berada di tengah. Dengan diameter rata-rata sekitar 1 sentimeter, lesi-lesi tersebut memiliki kontras yang rendah terhadap jaringan hati, atau berada di posisi anatomi yang relatif tidak umum.

Penelitian tersebut baru-baru ini diterbitkan dalam jurnal Nature Medicine.

DAMO Academy juga telah mengembangkan model skrining AI, termasuk DAMO PANDA untuk kanker pankreas, DAMO GRAPE untuk kanker lambung, dan DAMO COCA untuk kanker kolorektal.

Laporan: Redaksi

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