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Canberra, Australia (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Gelombang panas laut (marine heatwaves) menimbulkan ancaman yang semakin besar terhadap kesehatan manusia, dengan dampaknya tidak lagi hanya mencakup matinya terumbu karang dan turunnya hasil perikanan. Sebuah penelitian baru memperingatkan akan hal tersebut.

Menurut pernyataan yang dirilis pada Selasa (11/8) oleh Universitas Adelaide, tim peneliti dari Universitas Adelaide di Australia dan Universitas Hong Kong di China menyerukan agar gelombang panas laut diakui sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama, berargumen bahwa dampak gelombang panas laut terhadap manusia selama ini sebagian besar diabaikan, meskipun semakin banyak bukti menunjukkan konsekuensinya yang luas.

Studi yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal Nature Sustainability tersebut menguraikan bagaimana periode berkepanjangan dengan suhu laut yang sangat tinggi dapat memicu serangkaian dampak yang memengaruhi kesehatan manusia, termasuk memperparah cuaca ekstrem, mengurangi pasokan makanan laut, dan meningkatkan tantangan kesehatan mental di komunitas pesisir.

Tim peneliti mengatakan bahwa gelombang panas laut menjadi semakin sering terjadi, berlangsung lebih lama, dan semakin intens seiring dengan pemanasan iklim. Disebutkan pula bahwa fenomena itu telah dikaitkan dengan kematian massal biota laut, pemutihan karang, pertumbuhan pesat alga berbahaya, serta gangguan pada sektor perikanan dan akuakultur.

Laura Falkenberg dari Universitas Adelaide, penulis utama studi tersebut, mengatakan bahwa dampak gelombang panas laut terhadap manusia mendapat perhatian yang jauh lebih sedikit dibandingkan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan.

Suhu laut yang ekstrem dapat berkontribusi terhadap terbentuknya sistem cuaca yang lebih intens, meningkatkan risiko akibat badai dan banjir, sementara pertumbuhan pesat alga berbahaya dapat mencemari makanan laut dan menimbulkan risiko kesehatan serius.

Penurunan stok ikan dan produksi makanan laut juga dapat mengancam ketahanan pangan bagi miliaran orang, menurut studi tersebut.

Penelitian tersebut juga menyoroti dampak psikologis, termasuk kecemasan, kesedihan, dan berbagai masalah kesehatan mental lainnya di kalangan masyarakat pesisir yang mata pencaharian dan identitas budayanya berkaitan erat dengan laut.

Laporan: Redaksi

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