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Burung kareo padi kaya akan kandungan glutamat, yakni asam amino yang menciptakan rasa gurih pada makanan.

Bogor, Jawa Barat (Indonesia Window) – Burung kareo padi (Amaurornis phoenicurus), yang juga dikenal sebagai burung ruak-ruak, memiliki profil nutrisi yang menarik, salah satunya kandungan glutamat, yakni asam amino yang menciptakan rasa gurih pada makanan.

Hal tersebut diungkapkan oleh peneliti dari Pusat Riset Zoologi Terapan Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Dr. Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, dalam penelitiannya berjudul ‘Potensi Burung Kareo Padi (Amaurornis Phoenicurus) Untuk Produksi Daging Di Indonesia’.

“Tingginya kandungan asam Glutamat dan asam lemak tertentu ini memberikan gambaran mengapa burung daging kareo padi memiliki cita rasa khas dan diminati secara luas sebagai bahan pangan fungsional maupun kuliner tradisional,” jelas Bayu dalam sesi pemaparan ilmiah, ‘Sharing Session Zoopedia Series #18: Kelompok Riset Domestikasi dan Pemuliaan Hewan Tropis’ yang dilaksanakan secara hybrid, Kamis (7/5).

Kelezatan daging burung kareo padi telah membuatnya menjadi kuliner legendaris yang banyak diburu wisatawan dan masyarakat lokaldi Kota Siantar, Sumatra Utara.

Dibandingkan dengan spesies avifauna lain seperti ayam, burung puyuh, pheasant (ayam pegar), dan partridge, daging kareo padi memiliki komposisi asam lemak palmitic dan Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) yang paling tinggi. Selain itu, ditemukan juga kandungan glutamat pada daging burung Kareo padi sebesar 0,48 persen.

“Berdasarkan uji sampel, terdeteksi 33 jenis asam lemak. Dimana komposisi asam lemak antara lain palmitic, stearic, elaidic, dan linoleic menunjukkan angka yang sangat tinggi,” terang doktor Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Peternakan dari Institut Pertanian Bogor tersebut.

“Meski sering terlihat di sekitar manusia, burung ini memiliki karakteristik unik baik dari segi reproduksi maupun kandungan nutrisinya,” ujar Bayu, seraya menjelaskan bahwa siklus reproduksi burung kareo padi memiliki masa berkembang biak yang cukup panjang, dengan musim kawin terjadi antara April hingga Oktober.

“Burung ini biasanya membangun sarangnya di atas pohon. Sedangkan, jumlah telur dapat menghasilkan 2 sampai 6 butir telur. Telur tersebut akan dierami selama kurang lebih 19 hingga 21 hari hingga menetas,” jelasnya.

Kerap dijumpai di ekosistem lahan basah Indonesia, habitat utama burung kareo padi meliputi rawa, tepian sungai, hingga area persawahan.

Secara global, populasi burung ini tersebar luas mulai dari Asia Selatan antara lain, Pakistan, India, Maladewa, Sri Lanka, hingga Asia Timur seperti, China timur, Taiwan, dan Jepang.

Di wilayah kepulauan, sebarannya mencakup Filipina, Sunda Besar, hingga wilayah terpencil seperti Pulau Christmas dan Mikronesia.

Laporan: Redaksi

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