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Jepang mendeteksi kadar zat perfluoroalkil dan polifluoroalkil (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances/PFAS) yang berlebihan di ratusan lokasi pemantauan kualitas air di seluruh negara itu.

Tokyo, Jepang (Xinhua/Indonesia Window) – Jepang mendeteksi kadar zat perfluoroalkil dan polifluoroalkil (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances/PFAS) yang berlebihan di ratusan lokasi pemantauan kualitas air di seluruh negara itu pada tahun fiskal 2024, menurut survei terbaru yang dirilis oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup Jepang.

Survei kualitas air nasional, yang mencakup periode April 2024 hingga Maret 2025, menemukan kadar PFAS melampaui standar nasional di 629 titik pemantauan di 26 prefektur. Survei tersebut menguji 3.941 lokasi di 47 prefektur di seluruh negeri, termasuk sungai, danau, perairan pesisir, dan air tanah.

Kadar tertinggi tercatat di Kumatori Town, Prefektur Osaka, di mana air tanah di satu lokasi mengandung 73.000 nanogram PFAS per liter, sekitar 1.460 kali lipat dari ambang batas nasional Jepang. Lokasi lain di Prefektur Okayama mendeteksi 72.000 nanogram per liter dalam sampel air sungai.

Menurut Kyodo News, banyak lokasi pemantauan dengan tingkat PFAS yang tinggi terletak di dekat pabrik, pangkalan militer Amerika Serikat (AS), atau fasilitas Pasukan Bela Diri (Self-Defense Forces/SDF) Jepang. Namun, kementerian lingkungan hidup tidak mengungkapkan informasi rinci tentang lokasi spesifik dari lokasi pemantauan tersebut.

PFAS merupakan istilah kolektif untuk sekelompok besar senyawa berfluorinasi, termasuk asam perfluorooctane sulfonic atau PFOS, dan asam perfluorooctanoic atau PFOA, yang banyak digunakan dalam produk industri.

Sering disebut sebagai ‘bahan kimia abadi’ karena sifatnya yang persisten, beberapa senyawa PFAS dapat terakumulasi di lingkungan dan di dalam tubuh manusia serta telah dikaitkan dengan risiko kesehatan.

Jepang menetapkan batas maksimum konsentrasi gabungan PFOS dan PFOA dalam air sebesar 50 nanogram per liter.

Laporan: Redaksi

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