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Babi kutil (Sus verrucosus), satwa endemik Indonesia yang kerap terpinggirkan dalam isu konservasi, kini menghadapi ancaman serius akibat rentan terhadap virus African swine fever (ASF).

\r\n

Pasuruan, Jawa Timur (Indonesia Window) — Babi kutil (Sus verrucosus), satwa endemik Indonesia yang kerap terpinggirkan dalam isu konservasi, kini menghadapi ancaman serius akibat rentan terhadap virus African swine fever (ASF).

“Selain kerusakan habitat dan perburuan liar, babi liar Asia Tenggara sangat sensitif terhadap virus African swine fever. Jika virus ini masuk ke populasi babi liar, mereka tidak punya imunitas sama sekali. Ini sudah terjadi di Kalimantan, Sumatra, dan Sulawesi,” ujar Jochen Menner, seorang kurator di Prigen Conservation Breeding Ark (PCBA), saat menyampaikan pemaparan pada kegiatan Media Trip ke PCBA Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, pada Kamis (18/12).

Menurutnya, meskipun belum ada record pasti mengenai dampak African swine fever terhadap babi hutan di alam liar, risiko kepunahan dinilai sangat tinggi. “Karena itulah, konservasi ex-situ menjadi sangat penting,” tekannya.

Ancaman terhadap babi kutil tidak berhenti pada penyakit. Di banyak wilayah, lanjut Jochen, satwa terancam punah ini kerap mengalami retaliation karena dianggap sebagai hama pertanian.

“Sama seperti babi hutan liar, babi kutil, sering masuk ke lahan petani, memakan singkong, kangkung, dan tanaman lainnya. Akibatnya, mereka diburu atau dipasang jerat,” katanya.

Salah satu kasus paling mengkhawatirkan, menurut Jochen, adalah babi kutil Bawean (Sus verrucosus blouchi), yang merupakan subspesies endemik yang hanya ditemukan di Pulau Bawean, sebuah pulau kecil di Laut Jawa, bagian dari Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur.

Populasinya di alam diperkirakan hanya sekitar 500 individu, menjadikannya salah satu babi liar paling terancam di dunia.

“Pulau Bawean tidak memiliki batas geografis alami seperti sungai besar atau pegunungan, sehingga begitu ASF masuk, wabah akan menyebar tanpa hambatan. Itu bisa menjadi akhir dari babi kutil Bawean,” ujarnya.

Berbeda dengan pulau lain yang memiliki penghalang alami sehingga penyebaran penyakit bisa melambat, di Bawean virus dapat menyapu seluruh pulau dalam waktu singkat.

Sayangnya, hingga kini belum ada populasi babi kutil Bawean yang dikelola secara ex-situ.

Di PCBA sendiri, hanya ada tiga individu babi kutil yang sebelumnya terjerat perangkap ilegal dan kemudian dititipkan untuk perawatan. “Mudah-mudahan ini menjadi awal terbentuknya populasi ex-situ yang berkelanjutan,” kata Jochen.

Dia menegaskan, konservasi ex-situ bukanlah tujuan akhir, melainkan strategi penyelamatan. “Amankan dulu, lindungi, lalu suatu hari dikembalikan ke habitat asalnya jika kondisinya memungkinkan,” ujarnya.

\n $\"Babi$ \n

\n Babi kutil (Sus verrucosus) dalam penangkaran ex-situ di Prigen Conservation Breeding Ark (PCBA), Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, pada Jumat (19/12/2025). (Indonesia Window)\n

PCBA Prigen, yang terletak di kaki Gunung Arjuno pada ketinggian sekitar 700 meter di atas permukaan laut, dinilai memiliki kondisi ideal untuk konservasi satwa. Dengan suhu sejuk dan luas kawasan mencapai 360 hektare, PCBA berfokus pada spesies-spesies yang kerap terlupakan dan minim perhatian.

Dalam menjalankan programnya, PCBA juga bekerja sama dengan Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam (BKSDA). Jochen berharap upaya ini dapat menjadi contoh bahwa perlindungan satwa endemik Indonesia tidak boleh menunggu hingga terlambat.

\n $\"\"$ \n

\n Foto kolase ini menunjukkan anoa Buton (atas), makaka Sulawesi (kiri bawah), dan kekah Natuna (kanan bawah), di fasilitas penangkaran ex-situ di Prigen Conservation Breeding Ark (PCBA), Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, pada Jumat (19/12/2025). (Indonesia Window)\n

Saat ini PCBA melakukan konservasi berbagai jenis satwa terancam punah, di antaranya kekah Natuna (Presbytis natunae), makaka Sulawesi (Macaca nigra), kelinci belang Sumatra (Nesolagus netscheri), anoa Buton (Bubalus sp.), dan berbagai jenis burung berkicau seperti jalak putih, jalak suren, dan jalak Bali.

Beragam jenis ikan air tawar dan rawa gambut juga berada dalam pemeliharaan PCBA, termasuk ikan cupang liar, ikan pelangi, dan ikan pulau Bangka yang endemik.

Media Trip tersebut dikuti oleh 18 peserta dari berbagai daerah termasuk Bogor, Bandung, Yoyakarta, Cirebon, Surabaya, Pasuruan da.n Malang.

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\n Beberapa peserta kegiatan Media Trip ke PCBA Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Provinsi Jawa Timur, pada Jumat (19/12/2025). (Foto: Istimewa)\n

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